Lightning caused a staggering 101,309 deaths between 1967 and 2020, with a sharp increase between 2010 and 2020, a team of researchers led by Fakir Mohan University in the eastern state of Odisha said.
"The results indicate a steady increase in lightning activity in India, positioning it as a major killer among climate change-induced natural disasters," it said.
While the report looked at data on deaths, not the number of strikes, it said "lightning activity in India is becoming increasingly unpredictable".
Data showed that the average annual fatalities per Indian state rose from 38 in the period 1967 to 2002, to 61 from 2003 to 2020 -- a period when the country's population has also rapidly grown to 1.4 billion people.
Lightning strikes are common in India during the June-September monsoon rains, which is crucial to replenishing regional water supplies.
But scientists say their frequency is increasing due to rising global temperatures, unleashing a cascade of extreme weather events.
Higher air temperatures create more water vapour, which after it cools at altitude, creates electric charges that spark lightning.
The high number of fatalities in India is also due to ineffective early warning systems and a lack of awareness of how to reduce the risk, the report added, published in the international journal of Environment, Development and Sustainability.
Mass fatalities from a single strike are common, such as when farmers shelter in groups from lashing rain under a tree.
The report said the data on recorded deaths from lightning indicates "an increasing trend, with the last two decades showing the highest increase", calling it "an alarming development".
The "rising trend of extreme climate conditions is likely to exacerbate the situation", it added, with a "pressing need" for policy changes to mitigate the impact.
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